Table 2. Indicators of serious etiology of low back pain
Spinal fracture
History of trauma or fall
Age >70
Prolonged use of corticosteroids
Osteoporosis
Cancer
History of cancer
Unexplained weight loss
Pain not improved with bedrest
Duration of pain greater than one month
Age >50
Infection
Recent infection
Fever
Unexplained weight loss
Pain not improved with bedrest
Elevated ESR (>20)
Intravenous drug use
Prolonged use of corticosteroids
Neurological Compromise
Acute urinary retention
Acute incontinence (urine or fecal)
Loss of rectal tone
Saddle anesthesia
Major motor weakness
Dermatological sensory loss