22. European Stroke Conference 17 Experimental studies B 17:40 - 17:50 Improved behavioral recovery after focal cerebral infarction with neural cell grafting de-pends on the graft cell differentiation status M.B. Jensen1, L.D. Jager2, L.K. Cohen3 University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA1,University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA2, Universi-ty of Wisconsin, Madison, USA3 Background: Neural cell grafting is a promising potential strategy to improve stroke recovery, but optimal parameters of the grafting strategy remain unclear, including the maturity state of the cells. Less differentiated cells may better survive the grafting process, but may also present a higher tumor risk. More mature cells may integrate into damaged tracts faster, but may not survive grafting. Methods: Endothelin-1 injection produced thalamic lacunar-type infarcts in 22 adult male rats. One week later, neural cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were grafted into the infarct for the active groups. Rats were randomized to grafts of neural cells differenti-ated in vitro for four, six, or eight weeks, or a control group of vehicle injection alone. Blinded testing of vibrissae placing occurred one month after grafting. Results: There were significant group differences in vibrissae placing on ANOVA (p=0.03). Pairwise t tests showed superior recovery compared to the control group of the four week graft group (p=0.049) and the six week graft group (p=0.005), but only the six week graft group re-mained superior after Holm adjustment (p=0.03). Conclusions: Improved recovery of vibrissae sensation with neural cell grafting after thalamic infarction depended on the cell differentiation status at the time of grafting. An intermediate graft cell maturity state seemed optimal for our neural cell culture and ischemic stroke model system, perhaps balancing the need for immaturity to survive grafting and maturity to integrate for repair of the infarcted somatosensory thalamocortical tract, or to maximize beneficial factor secretion. Regardless, this stroke model-grafting system could be useful for evaluation of neu-roanatomical aspects of ischemic stroke recovery and neural cell therapy. 16 Experimental studies B 17:30 - 17:40 Intermittent fasting improves ischemic stroke outcome and modifies post-stroke neuro-genesis and synaptic plasticity in mice. S. Manzanero1, T. Santro2, J.R. Erion3, M. Wosiski-Kuhn4, T.V. Arumugam5, A.M. Stranahan6 The University of Queensland, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA1,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AUSTRALIA2, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Geor-gia, USA3, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, USA4, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AUSTRALIA5, Georgia Health Sciences University, Au-gusta, Georgia, USA6 Background: Evidence shows that the brain benefits from intermittent fasting (IF), and con-versely constant food availability is detrimental. Besides improving markers of susceptibility to suffer a stroke, IF has been shown to improve stroke-induced injury, but the mechanism re-mains unknown. Since IF has been previously shown to improve neurogenesis and neuronal synaptic plasticity in mice, the present hypothesis is that these aspects can mediate neuronal re-silience and recovery post-stroke. Methods: Mice on IF (8/16 hours feed/fast) for 3 months and mice on an ad libitum diet (AL) underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R), a model of ischemic stroke, or sham surgery, followed by infarct size and neurological damage assessment. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected up to 7 days post-stroke as an indicator of neurogene-sis. Synaptic plasticity was studied in cortical neurons in the peri-infarct region and hippocam-pal neurons of the uninjured hemisphere by counting dendritic spines after Golgi-Cox staining. Results: IF mice showed smaller infarcts and superior functional outcomes post-stroke. Neu-rogenesis was increased in IF mice after sham surgery, but was higher in AL mice after stroke, likely due to the larger infarct size in this group. Post-stroke dendritic spine density decreased in AL neurons but was maintained in the basilar dendrites of IF neurons, both in cortex and hip-pocampus. Conclusion: These results support the influence of feeding habits on the brain’s ability to with-stand ischemic stroke and improve ist outcome. 82 © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel Scientific Programme
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